Kevin Milburn presented “The Push for Alternative Fuels: How will it affect the North American Refining Industry?” to the 7^th Opportunity Crude Conference on Monday October 25^th, 2021. The presentation discusses how oil refiners are facing an increased threat from mandates to reduce carbon emissions. California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS), and similar programs in development, are propelling our industry to deliver progressively lower carbon intensity (CI) fuel. Most of the CI reduction regulations have targeted on-road transportation fuels, which has led to developments in biodiesel and Renewable Diesel infrastructure. The LCFS also allows for credits generated by investments in Electric Vehicles and renewable energy such as Solar and Wind. Recent new proposed legislation is directed at aviation fuels which has led to considerable interest in a sister of renewable diesel, Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). This presentation will provide an overview of the renewables programs that have been promulgated in North America and how some refiners are approaching this “new” reality.